Landscaping Company San Diego Helping Lawns Live Their Best Life

Landscaping Company San Diego Helping Lawns Live Their Best Life

Landscape Maintenance Plans San Diego Your Yard’s BFF

Landscaping San Diego

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Understanding the San Diego Landscape

San Diego's Unique Climate

Understanding the San Diego landscape begins with an appreciation of its unique climate. Luxury Landscaping San Diego Classy Grass And More . Known for its Mediterranean-like weather, San Diego experiences mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers. This climatic condition significantly influences the types of plants that can thrive in this region.

The Indigenous Flora

Native plants play a pivotal role in the San Diego landscape. These include the Coast Live Oak, Toyon, Lemonade Berry, and California Sagebrush. Using native plants in landscaping not only supports local biodiversity but also proves more water-efficient - a critical consideration given San Diego’s semi-arid climate.

Water Conservation Efforts

Water conservation is a crucial factor shaping landscaping choices in San Diego. Drought-tolerant plants such as succulents and cacti are popular options for residential and commercial properties alike. Incorporating xeriscaping techniques - designing landscapes to minimize water use - is another common practice.

Influence of Spanish Architecture

San Diego's landscape is also influenced by its rich cultural history, particularly Spanish architecture. Landscapes often feature vibrant tiles, ornate fountains, and courtyard gardens reminiscent of traditional Spanish homes. This aesthetic lends itself beautifully to the city’s sun-drenched setting while preserving its historical roots.

Essential Factors to Consider in San Diego Landscaping

When planning a landscaping project in San Diego, it's vital to consider several key factors.

Climate and Native Plants

First and foremost, San Diego's unique climate plays a significant role in dictating what plants will thrive. The region is known for its Mediterranean-like weather, characterized by mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers. Therefore, choosing native or drought-tolerant plants can help ensure the success of your landscape design as these species are adapted to the local conditions.

Water Conservation

Another crucial aspect is water conservation. Given California's frequent droughts, implementing water-efficient solutions such as drip irrigation systems or xeriscaping – landscaping with slow-growing, drought-tolerant plants to conserve water – could be beneficial.

Soil Type

Lastly, understanding the type of soil in your yard is essential since different plants require different soil conditions to flourish. Whether you have sandy or clay soil will influence plant selection and care practices like watering and fertilizing schedules.

Choosing the Right Plants for San Diego Climate

Understanding San Diego's Climate

San Diego, known for its Mediterranean climate, offers warm, dry summers and mild winters. With more than 200 days of sunshine a year and average temperatures ranging from 57 to 72 degrees Fahrenheit, it creates a unique environment for plant growth. Selecting the right plants for such a climate requires understanding their needs and adaptability.

Native Plants

When landscaping in San Diego, consider utilizing native plants. These species have evolved over time to thrive in the local climate and soil conditions. They're generally more drought-resistant and require less maintenance compared to non-native plants. Some popular choices include Toyon, Coast Live Oak, and California Poppy.

Drought-Tolerant Plants

Given that San Diego experiences periods of drought due to its Mediterranean climate, incorporating drought-tolerant plants is essential. Succulents like Agave, Aloe Vera and Cacti are excellent choices as they store water in their leaves or roots which helps them survive dry spells. These also add texture and depth to your landscape design.

Maintaining Your Landscape

Finally, maintaining your landscape is crucial regardless of the plant types you choose. Regular watering (considering restrictions during drought), pruning at appropriate times and applying fertilizers can greatly enhance plant health. Additionally, mulching can help retain moisture in the soil while suppressing weed growth.

Importance of Drought-Tolerant Landscaping in San Diego

San Diego's Mediterranean climate, with its dry summers and minimal rainfall, makes drought-tolerant landscaping a necessity. This type of landscaping not only preserves the natural beauty of the area but also conserves water resources.

Water Conservation

Drought-tolerant landscaping significantly reduces water usage. Plants that are native to San Diego or other arid climates require less water than traditional greenery, helping to conserve this precious resource in an area where it is often scarce.

Economic Benefit

By implementing drought-tolerant landscapes, homeowners and businesses can significantly reduce their water bills. The cost savings can be substantial over time, especially considering San Diego's high water rates.

Maintaining Local Biodiversity

Choosing plants that are native to the region helps maintain local biodiversity. These species have evolved to thrive in San Diego’s specific climatic conditions and support local wildlife such as birds and insects – playing a crucial role in preserving the area’s ecosystem.

Reducing Maintenance Effort

Drought-tolerant plants typically require less maintenance than their more thirsty counterparts. They need less pruning, fertilizing, and pest control - making them an ideal choice for busy homeowners or those who prefer a low-maintenance garden.

Aesthetic Appeal

Finally, drought-tolerant landscaping doesn't mean sacrificing aesthetics. With proper planning and design, these landscapes can be just as beautiful as traditional ones - offering a unique appeal with their variety of textures, colors, and shapes that reflect the beauty of our natural environment.

Top Landscaping Styles for San Diego Homes

California Native Landscaping

One of the top landscaping styles in San Diego is California native landscaping. Embracing the natural flora and fauna of the region, this style minimizes water usage while enhancing local biodiversity. Homeowners often choose plants like manzanita, toyon, and sage for their hardiness and natural beauty.

Mediterranean Style

San Diego's climate lends itself well to Mediterranean-style landscaping. This design emphasizes drought-tolerant plants such as lavender, rosemary, and olive trees paired with stone pathways or terracotta tiles. The result is a garden that exudes an Old World charm while being environmentally friendly.

Xeriscaping

As water conservation continues to be a significant concern in San Diego, xeriscaping has become increasingly popular among homeowners.

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This style incorporates drought-resistant plants and efficient irrigation systems to reduce water use drastically. Succulents are frequently used in xeriscapes due to their low-maintenance nature.

Tropical Oasis

Despite its arid climate, many San Diego homeowners opt for a tropical oasis look in their landscapes. By using plants like palms, birds of paradise, and hibiscus coupled with elements like water features or tiki torches, these gardens can transport guests directly into a beachside paradise without leaving home.

The Role of Native Plants in San Diego Landscaping

Native plants play a crucial role in landscape design in San Diego. They not only add aesthetic appeal but also contribute to the local ecosystem. As these plants are adapted to the region's climate and soil conditions, they require less water and maintenance than non-native species. This makes them an eco-friendly choice for homeowners who wish to conserve resources while enhancing their landscapes. Furthermore, native plants attract local wildlife such as birds and butterflies, thereby promoting biodiversity. The use of native plants like the California Poppy, Manzanita, or Toyon can add a sense of place and authenticity to San Diego landscapes.

Benefits of Using Native Plants in Landscaping

Incorporating Hardscape Elements in Your San Diego Garden

Importance of Hardscape Elements

In the context of landscaping in San Diego, hardscape elements serve an essential purpose. These non-living features including patios, walkways, and retaining walls can significantly enhance the aesthetic appeal of your garden while also providing functional benefits. They can help define different areas within the garden and create a sense of structure. Moreover, due to San Diego's climatic conditions, these elements are often more sustainable and require less maintenance than their softer counterparts.

Selecting Appropriate Hardscape Elements

Selecting suitable hardscape elements for your San Diego garden involves considering factors such as local weather patterns and soil type. You'll need materials that can withstand the city's warm climate and occasional dry spells. Natural stones or concrete are commonly used due to their durability and versatility in design applications. Including water features like fountains or ponds not only adds beauty but also introduces a cooling effect during hotter months. Finally, remember to balance these hard elements with softscaping to maintain an inviting outdoor space.

Sustainable Gardening Practices for San Diego Landscapes

Drought-Tolerant Plants

In San Diego's semi-arid climate, sustainable landscaping often means choosing drought-tolerant plants. Native species such as Manzanita or Coast Live Oak are not only adapted to local conditions but also provide habitat for native wildlife.

Water Conservation

Water conservation is a critical aspect of sustainable gardening in San Diego. Techniques such as drip irrigation, rainwater harvesting, and the use of mulch can significantly reduce water usage while still maintaining a lush and vibrant landscape.

Composting

Composting household waste provides nutrient-rich soil for your garden while reducing the amount of waste that goes to the landfill. This practice not only enriches your garden but also reduces your carbon footprint.

Eco-friendly Pest Control

Sustainable gardening also involves eco-friendly pest control measures. Instead of resorting to harsh chemical pesticides, consider using biological controls like beneficial insects or homemade organic sprays.

Edible Landscaping

Finally, edible landscaping is a wonderful way to make your garden more sustainable. Planting fruit trees, vegetables, and herbs not only provides fresh produce but also reduces the 'food miles' associated with transported goods.

How to Choose a Professional Landscaper in San Diego

Identifying Your Landscaping Needs

Before you can choose a professional landscaper in San Diego, it's crucial to identify your specific landscaping needs. Think about the type of work you want done - whether it's simple lawn maintenance or a complete redesign of your outdoor space. Consider aspects such as the size of your property, your budget, and the timeframe for completion. Having a clear idea of what you need will help you narrow down potential candidates and ensure that they have the necessary skills and experience.

Evaluating Potential Landscapers

Once you've identified your needs, it's time to evaluate potential landscapers in San Diego. Look at their portfolios to see examples of their previous work and determine if their style matches what you're looking for. Research their reputation online through reviews or testimonials from previous clients. It's also important to check if they are licensed and insured according to California state regulations. You should also consider meeting with them personally to discuss your project and gauge their professionalism, creativity, and communication skills before making a decision.

Case Study: Successful Landscaping Projects in San Diego

Highlighting Success in San Diego Landscaping

San Diego, renowned for its diverse flora and sunshine-filled days, has consistently been a fertile ground for exceptional landscaping projects. One notable success story is the transformation of a barren residential property into a lush Mediterranean-inspired garden. Guided by an expert landscaping team, native plants were strategically placed to conserve water while maintaining visual appeal. Drip irrigation systems were installed and hardscapes designed to complement the natural environment seamlessly. Another remarkable project tackled the challenge of an urban commercial space, transforming it into a green oasis filled with sustainable plant life and innovative water features. These projects exemplify how San Diego’s unique climate can be leveraged to create stunning outdoor spaces that champion ecological responsibility alongside aesthetic beauty.

Maintaining Your Landscape in Different Seasons of San Diego

Spring and Summer Landscape Maintenance

In San Diego, spring and summer are the best times to focus on planting and fertilizing. The region experiences mild weather during these seasons, making it ideal for plants to grow. Regular watering is essential since the climate can be dry. In addition, regular trimming of shrubs and trees is also necessary to maintain a healthy landscape.

Fall Landscape Maintenance

Fall in San Diego brings cooler temperatures and less rainfall. It's an optimal time to prepare your landscape for winter by trimming trees and shrubs, cleaning up fallen leaves, and applying mulch. This season also provides a window of opportunity for overseeing any areas of grass that may have been damaged during the hot summer months.

Winter Landscape Maintenance

San Diego winters are mild compared to other regions, but landscapes still require attention during this season. Watering needs decrease due to lower evaporation rates; however, one should be mindful of any frost as it can damage certain plant species. Regular inspections should be done to assess plant health, looking out especially for pests or diseases that can take advantage during this dormant period.

Top Public Gardens and Parks as Inspiration for Your Landscape Design

Balboa Park

Balboa Park, with its diverse collection of landscapes, gardens, and architectural structures, provides a rich source of inspiration for your own landscape design. The park's Alcazar Garden, modeled after the gardens in Spain's Alhambra Palace, is a stunning example of geometric landscaping that could be reflected in a sophisticated backyard or courtyard.

Japanese Friendship Garden

The Japanese Friendship Garden provides ideas for those seeking tranquility and simplicity in their home landscapes. This park showcases traditional Japanese garden aesthetics like koi ponds, stone paths, and meticulously pruned trees. Incorporating elements from this serene space can create an oasis of calm in your own yard.

San Diego Botanic Garden

With its vast array of plant species from around the world, the San Diego Botanic Garden offers inspiration for those interested in creating a varied and vibrant garden. Its numerous themed gardens - including tropical rainforest, desert garden, and native plants areas - present many options for choosing suitable plants for your San Diego landscape.

Sunset Cliffs Natural Park

If you're looking to incorporate natural elements into your landscaping design, Sunset Cliffs Natural Park serves as an excellent inspiration with its sprawling grassy areas overlooking Pacific Ocean views. The park's seamless blend of open grassland with rugged coastal features could inspire an open plan layout that embraces the beauty of San Diego's unique coastal environment.

Mission Trails Regional Park

Mission Trails Regional Park is perfect for those who want to reflect San Diego's wilder side in their landscaping designs. With its rugged hillsides covered in chaparral and sagebrush contrasted by peaceful valleys dotted with sycamore trees and wildflowers, it provides plenty of ideas on how to utilize native vegetation to create a sustainable yet striking landscape.

Popular Trees and Shrubs for a Stunning Southern California Landscape

Trees for Southern California Landscape

In the sun-soaked city of San Diego, certain trees have proven to be popular among landscapers for their adaptability and appeal. The Coast Live Oak, an evergreen tree native to California, provides generous shade with its broad canopy and is admired for its resilience. The Coral tree, another favorite, creates a stunning spectacle with its vibrant red flowers that bloom in late winter or early spring. For those looking for year-round greenery, the Blue Palo Verde is a great choice. This desert native exhibits a beautiful display of bright yellow flowers in the spring.

Shrubs for Southern California Landscape

Shrubs are integral to any SoCal landscape design due to their versatility and low maintenance requirements. Among them, Lavender is a common pick; it's not only visually pleasing with its purple blooms but also aromatic which adds another dimension to your garden. Manzanita shrubs offer a unique aesthetic with their twisted branches and small bell-shaped flowers - they're also drought-tolerant which makes them ideal for the dry climate. Equally impressive are Sage shrubs; characterized by their grey-green foliage and brilliantly colored flowers, they attract hummingbirds and bees making your garden a lively ecosystem.

Creating Wildlife-Friendly Gardens: The New Trend in San Diego Landscaping

The Trend

In the realm of San Diego landscaping, a new trend is burgeoning: creating wildlife-friendly gardens. This change in approach reflects a growing awareness of the importance of sustaining local fauna and flora, as well as the desire for more natural and environmentally friendly landscapes.

Integration of Native Plants

A key aspect of these wildlife-friendly landscapes involves integrating native plants into garden designs. These plants have coexisted with local wildlife for generations and provide them with a familiar habitat, food sources, and materials for nest-building. Utilizing indigenous vegetation also contributes to water conservation — an essential consideration given San Diego's arid climate.

Inclusion of Water Features

Another component central to this landscaping trend is the inclusion of water features. Ponds or birdbaths not only add an aesthetic appeal but also serve as hydration spots for birds, insects, and small mammals. The sound of running water can also attract a variety of species adding to the biodiversity within your yard.

Use Of Organic Practices

The practice of creating wildlife-friendly gardens in San Diego goes hand-in-hand with organic gardening practices. Avoiding chemical pesticides and fertilizers helps protect visiting creatures from harm and keeps soil healthy for plant growth. Composting is another favored method that adds nutrient-rich organic matter to the soil while reducing waste.

Benefit To Homeowners

For homeowners, this landscaping trend offers multiple benefits beyond aesthetics. A well-designed wildlife-friendly garden brings life into what might otherwise be static spaces while contributing positively towards local ecosystems. Plus, it allows residents to engage with nature on a personal level without leaving their property.

Utilizing Vertical Spaces: Unique Ideas for Small Yard Landscaping

In the bustling city of San Diego, homeowners often face the challenge of landscaping smaller yards.

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One innovative solution is to utilize vertical spaces. Vertical gardens, also known as living walls, are a trendy and space-efficient way to incorporate greenery. They involve growing plants on a vertically suspended panel, which can be either freestanding or attached to a wall. Another idea is to use tiered planters or shelves for potted plants, allowing you to display a variety of species without taking up much ground space. Trellises can also be used for climbing plants like vines or roses, adding height and interest to your yard. For those who prefer something low maintenance, hanging baskets or wall-mounted pots are perfect choices. Not only do these techniques maximize space, but they also add an artistic touch that transforms your small yard into an urban oasis in the heart of San Diego.

Irrigation Systems: Best Practices for Water Conservation

Choosing the Right Irrigation System

For landscaping in San Diego, choosing an efficient irrigation system is crucial.

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Drip irrigation systems are recommended for their water-saving capabilities. They deliver water directly to the plant's roots, reducing evaporation and runoff.

Smart Water Controllers

Using smart controllers can further enhance water conservation. These devices regulate watering based on local weather conditions and soil moisture levels, ensuring plants get only the water they need.

Maintaining Your Irrigation System

Regular maintenance of your irrigation system is key to conserving water. Check for leaks regularly, adjust sprinklers to avoid watering sidewalks or driveways, and replace broken parts promptly.

Native Plant Landscaping

Incorporating native San Diego plants into your landscape design can also save water as these species are adapted to local climate conditions and typically require less supplemental watering than non-native species.

Watering Schedule

Finally, set a sensible watering schedule. Early morning or late evening watering reduces evaporation rates. In cooler months, reduce the frequency of watering schedules as plants require less water.

Fire-Resistant Landscaping: A Must-Have In Dry Climates Like San Diego

Understanding Fire-Resistant Landscaping

Fire-resistant landscaping, also known as firescaping, is a method of designing and arranging plants to minimize the risk of fire spreading. In dry climates like San Diego, where wildfires are common, this type of landscaping becomes essential. It involves choosing fire-resistant plants and carefully planning out the landscape to create defensible spaces against wildfires.

The Importance in San Diego

San Diego has a Mediterranean climate with hot, dry summers and mild winters - conditions that are conducive to frequent wildfires. With its dense vegetation, the region faces high risks during wildfire season. Hence, adopting fire-resistant landscaping not only protects individual homes but also contributes to overall wildfire mitigation efforts in the community.

Choosing Fire-Resistant Plants

The right choice of plants plays a crucial role in fire-resistant landscaping. Some plants are naturally more resistant to fire due to their high moisture content or low oil or resin content. For instance, succulents make an excellent choice for San Diego homes due to their high water retention capacity.

Designing Defensible Spaces

Creating defensible spaces is another vital aspect of fire-resistant landscaping. This involves arranging your landscape into zones based on distance from your home - each zone having different landscaping requirements aimed at slowing down or stopping the spread of wildfire.

Maintenance Practices

Regular maintenance is key in ensuring that your landscape remains fire-resistant year-round. This includes regularly removing dead plants and overgrown vegetation, properly spacing trees and shrubs, maintaining irrigation systems, and promptly removing fallen leaves and other debris which can act as fuel for fires.

Xeriscaping: A Water-Saving Approach to Home Gardening in Southern California

Understanding Xeriscaping

Xeriscaping is an innovative landscaping method that utilizes drought-tolerant plants and efficient irrigation systems to conserve water. This approach is particularly beneficial for homeowners in San Diego, a region of Southern California where water scarcity is a common issue. Xeriscaping not only aids in preserving the environment but it also reduces maintenance efforts and costs.

Benefits of Xeriscaping

Adopting xeriscape principles can bring about significant advantages for homeowners in San Diego. Firstly, it leads to substantial water savings as the plants used require minimal watering. Secondly, these landscapes are low-maintenance, eliminating the need for regular pruning or mowing. Lastly, with a rich variety of indigenous and drought-tolerant species available, xeriscaped gardens can be just as vibrant and appealing as traditional ones.

Xeriscape Implementation in San Diego

With its Mediterranean-like climate, San Diego makes an ideal location for xeriscape gardening. Local nurseries offer an array of native plants such as Sagebrush Butterweed and California Fuchsia which thrive with minimal water usage. Several landscaping companies specialize in creating beautiful xeriscape designs that are tailored to each homeowner's preferences while maximizing ecological benefits.

19.Tips on Budgeting For Your Garden Remodel Project

Planning Your Garden Remodel

In the scenic city of San Diego, a well-designed garden can significantly enhance your property's appeal. When embarking on a garden remodel project, it is essential to plan your budget carefully. Begin by identifying your landscaping goals and the necessary elements to achieve them such as plants, hardscape materials, irrigation system or outdoor furniture. Research the costs involved in purchasing these items and hiring professional landscapers if necessary. It may be beneficial to consult with local San Diego landscapers for accurate estimates.

Saving Costs and Maximising Resources

To save costs during your garden remodeling project in San Diego, consider using native plants that require less water and maintenance. You can also recycle or repurpose existing materials like wood planks or stones for new structures or paths. Timing also plays a crucial role in budgeting - buying plants off-season can lead to substantial savings. Lastly, investing in quality materials might cost more upfront but will save you from frequent replacements in the long run. Remember that a beautiful garden increases not just your home’s aesthetic value but its monetary worth as well.

20.Tropical vs Desert Themed Backyard Designs : What's More Popular In The Region?

San Diego's Landscaping Preferences

The landscaping preference in San Diego is influenced by its unique climate and geographical location. Being a coastal city with an arid environment, homeowners often find themselves torn between tropical and desert-themed backyard designs.

Tropical Themed Backyards

Tropical themed backyards are popular among residents who prefer a lush, green oasis that mimics the feel of a beach paradise. These designs typically include plants like palm trees, ferns, and orchids to create an exotic ambiance. The addition of water features like ponds or waterfalls enhances the tropical feel.

Desert Themed Backyards

On the other hand, desert-themed backyards resonate more with the natural environment of San Diego. They feature drought-tolerant plants such as cacti and succulents, along with rocks and sand for an authentic desert look. This design also has the advantage of being low-maintenance and environmentally friendly due to less water usage.

Popularity in The Region

While both themes have their admirers, current trends suggest that desert-themed backyards are gaining popularity over tropical designs. This could be attributed to increasing awareness about water conservation amidst California’s recurring drought conditions.

The Final Verdict

Ultimately, the choice between a tropical or desert-themed backyard depends on personal preferences and lifestyle considerations. However, given San Diego's arid climate and growing ecological consciousness, it seems that more homeowners are leaning towards sustainable desert landscaping options.

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A river with functional (flood preventing) engineering (in Houston, Texas)
A canal design focused on esthetical landscape architecture (in Stockholm, Sweden) for comparison.

Landscape engineering is the application of mathematics and science to shape land and waterscapes. It can also be described as green engineering, but the design professionals best known for landscape engineering are landscape architects. Landscape engineering is the interdisciplinary application of engineering and other applied sciences to the design and creation of anthropogenic landscapes. It differs from, but embraces traditional reclamation. It includes scientific disciplines: agronomy, botany, ecology, forestry, geology, geochemistry, hydrogeology, and wildlife biology. It also draws upon applied sciences: agricultural & horticultural sciences, engineering geomorphology, landscape architecture, and mining, geotechnical, and civil, agricultural & irrigation engineering.

Landscape engineering builds on the engineering strengths of declaring goals, determining initial conditions, iteratively designing, predicting performance based on knowledge of the design, monitoring performance, and adjusting designs to meet the declared goals. It builds on the strengths and history of reclamation practice. Its distinguishing feature is the marriage of landforms, substrates, and vegetation throughout all phases of design and construction, which previously have been kept as separate disciplines.

Though landscape engineering embodies all elements of traditional engineering (planning, investigation, design, construction, operation, assessment, research, management, and training), it is focused on three main areas. The first is closure planning – which includes goal setting and design of the landscape as a whole. The second division is landscape design more focused on the design of individual landforms to reliably meet the goals as set out in the closure planning process. Landscape performance assessment is critical to both of these, and is also important for estimating liability and levels of financial assurance. The iterative process of planning, design, and performance assessment by a multidisciplinary team is the basis of landscape engineering.

Source: McKenna, G.T., 2002. Sustainable mine reclamation and landscape engineering. PhD Thesis, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada 661p.

Example

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An example of contemporary landscape engineering and natural resources management related to the Biosphere 2 and seawater farming projects, is the IBTS Greenhouse, formerly the Forest City designed for the Emirate of Ras al Khaimah. The IBTS rests on a thoroughly integrated design with more than 340 different engineering, science and technology disciplines. It was created for desert greening of hot, arid deserts and optimized for fresh water production from saline, or brackish water. The Integrated Biotectural System is based on a wetland, more specifically a mangrove eco-system designed for food and fodder production of 80tons per hectare and year, also called mariculture. The atmosphere inside the IBTS is turned into a potent water source and harvested with a combination of condensation utilities which makes it a more energy efficient desalination facility than industrial plants. It can produce 500.000m3 of distilled water per day while reclaiming 1000ha of hot arid desert lands. The electricity for the desalination is produced by an on-site forest of micro wind turbines located on the same footprint. These numbers are important because the performance data of for-profit engineered landscapes like wetlands for wastewater treatment or agro-ecological farming sites distinguishes technically feasible from financially and ecologically beneficial projects.

The IBTS is an example for sustainable landscape design that reclaims and recreates productive ecosystems including seawater farming, aquaculture, farming, forestry and residence for a human population. It has become feasible because of the design of a Bedouin Greenhouse-shape, automatic construction and maintenance of the vast membrane Sky-roof. The up-front and operational cost could thus be reduced so far that entire landscapes can be covered permanently, not in a common greenhouse fashion, but with an architectural structure that allows for a real-size forest and urban development below the Sky-roof.

The inherent concepts of the IBTS can be used to engineer, terra-form and activate deserts and other landscapes with harsh conditions. In 2015 the governor of Alaska received an offer for a fully self-sufficient multi-residence housing project based on the concepts developed for the IBTS project and adopted for arctic climate by the developer TS Prototype-Creation.

Irrigation engineering degree founder

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The father of the first irrigation engineering degree in the Americas was Louis George Carpenter (March 28, 1861 – September 12, 1935) He was a college professor and later the Dean of engineering & physics at Colorado State University formerly known as the Colorado Agricultural College.[1] He was also an engineer, mathematician and an irrigation and consulting engineer.[2][3]

It was there where Carpenter began the first organized and systematic college program for irrigation engineering starting in 1888. Those completing such instruction were awarded a bachelor of science degree in irrigation engineering.[4][5][6]

Carpenter was one of the foremost leading experts on irrigation systems. During his life he investigated irrigation systems not only in North America but also in Canada and Europe. This led to his engineering consulting and water law. He became Colorado's state engineer which he held for several years while still teaching.[6] Carpenter was involved in not only in irrigation engineering but consulting on hydraulic construction projects and the problems associated with such projects.[6][7]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Guide to the papers of Louis G. Carpenter, Colorado State University
  2. ^ Lamb's biographical dictionary of the United States, Volume 1 - Page 575 by John Howard Brown. James H. Lamb Company. 1900. Retrieved 24 June 2015.
  3. ^ "Carpenter, Louis George, educator". The twentieth century biographical dictionary of notable Americans ... Volume 2 of The twentieth century biographical dictionary of notable Americans by Rossiter Johnson, John Howard Brown - published by the Biographical Society. 1904. Retrieved 24 June 2015.
  4. ^ De Puy, William Harrison (1908). "Carpenter, Louis George, engineer". The world-wide encyclopedia and gazetteer: Compiled and revised to Date from the leading encyclopedias of the world. A dictionary of Arts, sciences and literature, to which is added biographies of living subjects, One hundred colored Maps and numerous illustrations, William Harrison De Puy - Volume 9 - Page 720 - published by The Christian Herald. Retrieved 24 June 2015.
  5. ^ "Carpenter, Louis George, engineer". New American supplement to the New Werner Twentieth Century Edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica ... Illustrated with Hundreds of Portraits and Other Engravings, Volume 2 New American Supplement to the New Werner Twentieth Century Edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica ... Illustrated with Hundreds of Portraits and Other Engravings - published by the Werner Company. 1905. Retrieved 24 June 2015.
  6. ^ a b c "Papers of Louis G. Carpenter, 1892-1910 - Carpenter, L. G. (Louis George), 1861-1935". Colorado State University. 1935. Retrieved 24 June 2015.
  7. ^ "Guide to the papers of Louis G. Carpenter - Prepared by Holley R. Lange; updated by Patricia J. Rettig". Colorado State University Water Resources Archive - A joint effort of the University Libraries and the Colorado Water Institute. 2013. Retrieved 24 June 2015.

 

Sustainable landscaping is a modern type of gardening or landscaping that takes the environmental issue of sustainability into account. According to Loehrlein in 2009 this includes design, construction and management of residential and commercial gardens and incorporates organic lawn management and organic gardening techniques.[1]

Definition

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A sustainable garden is designed to be both attractive and in balance with the local climate and environment and it should require minimal resource inputs. Thus, the design must be “functional, cost-efficient, visually pleasing, environmentally friendly and maintainable".[2] As part of sustainable development, it pays close attention to preserving limited resources, reducing waste, and preventing air, water and soil pollution. Compost, fertilization, integrated pest management, using the right plant in the right place, appropriate use of turf and xeriscaping (water-wise gardening) are all components of sustainable landscaping.

Benefits

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Sustainability can help urban commercial landscaping companies save money.[3] In California, gardens often do not outweigh the cost of inputs like water and labor. However, using appropriately selected and properly sited plants may help to ensure that maintenance costs are lower because of reduced inputs.

Issues

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Sustainability issues for landscaping include:

Non-sustainable practices include:

Solutions

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Some of the solutions are:

Proper design

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One step to garden design is to do a "sustainability audit". This is similar to a landscape site analysis that is typically performed by landscape designers at the beginning of the design process. Factors such as lot size, house size, local covenants and budgets should be considered. The steps to design include a base plan, site inventory and analysis, construction documents, implementation and maintenance.[2] Of great importance is considerations related to the growing conditions of the site. These include orientation to the sun, soil type, wind flow, slopes, shade and climate, the goal of reducing irrigation and use of toxic substances, and requires proper plant selection for the specific site.

Sustainable landscaping is not only important because it saves money, it also limits the human impact on the surrounding ecosystem. However, planting species not native to the landscape may introduce invasive plant species as well as new wildlife that was not in the ecosystem before. Altering the ecosystem is a major problem and meeting with an expert with experience with the wildlife and agriculture in the area will help avoid this.[26]

Irrigation

[edit]

Mulch may be used to reduce water loss due to evaporation, reduce weeds, minimize erosion, dust and mud problems. Mulch can also add nutrients to the soil when it decomposes. However, mulch is most often used for weed suppression. Overuse of mulch can result in harm to the selected plantings. Care must be taken in the source of the mulch, for instance, black walnut trees result in a toxic mulch product. Grasscycling turf areas (using mulching mowers that leave grass clippings on the lawn) will also decrease the amount of fertilizer needed, reduce landfill waste and reduce costs of disposal.[27]

A common recommendation is to add 2-4 inches of mulch in flower beds and under trees away from the trunk. Mulch should be applied under trees to the dripline (extension of the branches) in lieu of flowers, hostas, turf or other plants that are often planted there. This practice of planting under trees is detrimental to tree roots, especially when such plants are irrigated to an excessive level that harms the tree. One must be careful not to apply mulch to the bark of the tree. It can result in smothering, mould and insect depredation.

The practice of xeriscaping or water-wise gardening suggests that placing plants with similar water demands together will save time and low-water or drought-tolerant plants would be a smart initial consideration.

A homeowner may consider consulting an accredited irrigation technician/auditor and obtain a water audit of current systems. Drip or sub-surface irrigation may be useful. Using evapotranspiration controllers, soil sensors and refined control panels will reduce water loss. Irrigation heads may need readjustment to avoid sprinkling on sidewalks or streets. Business owners may consider developing watering schedules based on historical or actual weather data and soil probes to monitor soil moisture prior to watering.[2]

An example of sustainable irrigation (Drip Irrigation)

Building materials

[edit]

When deciding what kind of building materials to put on a site it is important to recycle as often as possible, such as for example by reusing old bricks.

It is also important to be careful about what materials you use, especially if you plan to grow food crops. Old telephone poles and railroad ties have usually been treated with a toxic substance called creosote that can leach into the soils.

Sustainably harvested lumber is available, in which ecological, economic and social factors are integrated into the management of trees used for lumber.[28]

Planting selection

[edit]

One important part of sustainable landscaping is plant selection. Most of what makes a landscape unsustainable is the amount of inputs required to grow a non-native plant on it. What this means is that a local plant, which has adapted to local climate conditions will require less work to flourish. Instead, drought-tolerant plants like succulents and cacti are better suited to survive.

Plants used as windbreaks can save up to 30% on heating costs in winter. They also help with shading a residence or commercial building in summer, create cool air through evapotranspiration and can cool hardscape areas such as driveways and sidewalks.[29]

Irrigation is an excellent end-use option in greywater recycling and rainwater harvesting systems, and a composting toilet can cover (at least) some of the nutrient requirements.[30] Not all fruit trees are suitable for greywater irrigation, as reclaimed greywater is typically of high pH and acidophile plants don't do well in alkaline environments.

Energy conservation may be achieved by placing broadleaf deciduous trees near the east, west and optionally north-facing walls of the house. Such selection provides shading in the summer while permitting large amounts of heat-carrying solar radiation to strike the house in the winter. The trees are to be placed as closely as possible to the house walls. As the efficiency of photovoltaic panels and passive solar heating is sensitive to shading, experts suggest the complete absence of trees near the south side.

Another choice would be that of a dense vegetative fence composed of evergreens (e.g. conifers) near that side from which cold continental winds blow and also that side from which the prevailing winds blow. Such a choice creates a winter windbreak that prevents low temperatures outside the house and reduces air infiltration towards the inside. Calculations show that placing the windbreak at a distance twice the height of the trees can reduce the wind velocity by 75%.[31]

The above vegetative arrangements come with two disadvantages. Firstly, they minimize air circulation in summer although in many climates heating is more important and costly than cooling, and, secondly, they may affect the efficiency of photovoltaic panels. However, it has been estimated that if both arrangements are applied properly, they can reduce the overall house energy usage by up to 22%.[31]

Sustainable lawns

[edit]
An example of a sustainable lawn

Lawns are often used as the center point of a landscape. While there are many different species of grass, only a limited amount are considered sustainable. Knowing the climate around the landscape is ideal for saving water and being sustainable. For example, in southern California having a grass lawn of tall fescue will typically need upwards of 1,365 cubic metres (360,500 US gal) of water. A lawn in the same place made up of mixed beds with various trees, shrubs, and ground cover will normally need 202 cubic metres (53,300 US gal) of water.[32] Having gravel, wood chips or bark, mulch, rubber mulch, artificial grass, patio, wood or composite deck, rock garden, or a succulent garden are all considered sustainable landscape techniques. Other species of plants other than grass that can take up a lawn are lantana, clover, creeping ivy, creeping thyme, oregano, rosemary hedges, silver pony foot, moneywort, chamomile, yarrow, creeping lily turf, ice plant, and stonecrop.[citation needed]

Maintenance

[edit]

Pests

[edit]

It is best to start with pest-free plant materials and supplies and close inspection of the plant upon purchase is recommended. Establishing diversity within the area of plant species will encourage populations of beneficial organisms (e.g. birds, insects), which feed on potential plant pests. Attracting a wide variety of organisms with a variety of host plants has shown to be effective in increasing pollinator presence in agriculture.[33] Because plant pests vary from plant to plant, assessing the problem correctly is half the battle. The owner must consider whether the plant can tolerate the damage caused by the pest. If not, then does the plant justify some sort of treatment? Physical barriers may help.[2] Landscape managers should make use of Integrated Pest Management to reduce the use of pesticides and herbicides.

Pruning

[edit]

Proper pruning will increase air circulation and may decrease the likelihood of plant diseases. However, improper pruning is detrimental to shrubs and trees.[2]

Programs

[edit]

There are several programs in place that are open to participation by various groups. For example, the Audubon Cooperative Sanctuary Program for golf courses,[34] the Audubon Green Neighborhoods Program,[35] and the National Wildlife Federation’s Backyard Habitat Program,[36] to name a few.

The Sustainable Sites Initiative, began in 2005, provides a points-based certification for landscapes, similar to the LEED program for buildings operated by the Green Building Council. It has guidelines and performance benchmarks.[37]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Loehrlein, Marietta (26 September 2013). Sustainable Landscaping: Principles and Practices. CRC Press. ISBN 9781466593206. Editor note: info in Wikipedia taken in November 2009 from her now defunct personal website and a class she gave on her former university webspace
  2. ^ a b c d e Colorado State University Extension. http://www.ext.colostate.edu/Pubs/Garden/07243.html. Viewed 11-15-09.
  3. ^ Buiten, Tim (19 October 2020). "Commercial Landscape Management: How to Maximize Your ROI". Tim's Complete. Retrieved 28 October 2020.
  4. ^ "Sustainable Landscapes and its Benefits – Debating Science". Retrieved 2019-11-21.
  5. ^ Rowe, B., J. Andersen, J. Lloyd, T. Mrozowski and K. Getter. The green roof research at Michigan State University. http://hrt.msu.edu/greenroof/ Viewed 7/30/2007.
  6. ^ Robinette, G. O. and K. W. Sloan. 1984. Water conservation in landscape design and management. Van Nostrand Reinhold Co. NY. 258pp.
  7. ^ PennState Center for Green Roof Research. http://web.me.com/rdberghage/Centerforgreenroof/Home.html. Viewed 9/23/09.
  8. ^ Carver, S. 2008. Water-wise landscaping can improve conservation efforts. Landscape Mgmt. May/June Suppl Livescapes. P. 8.
  9. ^ Eberle, W. M. and J. G. Thomas. 1981. Some water-saving ways. Kansas State Ext. 4pp.
  10. ^ Krizner, K. 2008. Smart water solutions. Landscape Management May/June. p. 31-2
  11. ^ White, J.D. 2008. When the well runs dry: managing water before it becomes a crisis. GrowerTalks. Aug. pp. 42-43.
  12. ^ Campbell, C. S. and M. H. Ogden. Constructed wetlands in the sustainable landscape. 1999. Wiley & Sons. NY. 270pp.
  13. ^ Melby, P. and T. Cathcart 2002. Regenerative design techniques : practical applications in landscape design. Wiley. New York. 410 p.
  14. ^ Harker, D., G. Libby. Harker, K. Evans, S. Evans, M. 1999. Landscape Restoration Handbook, 2nd ed. Lewis Publishers. Boca Raton. 865pp.
  15. ^ Fizzell, J. A. 1983. Landscape designers must put energy conservation in their plans. Amer. Nurseryman. 157:65-71.
  16. ^ Pitt, D. G. J. Kissida and W. Gould. 1980. How to design a windbreak residential landscaping. Amer. Nurseryman. Vol. 152(10): 10-11.
  17. ^ Interlocking Concrete Pavement Institute. Permeable interlocking concrete pavement: a comparison guide to porous asphalt and pervious concrete. http://www.icpi.org/myproject/PICP%20Comparison%20Brochure.pdf. Viewed June 2008.
  18. ^ Kerkhoff, K. L. 2006. How to capitalize and reduce stormwater runoff in your landscapes. Grounds Maint. P. 70.
  19. ^ Thompson,W. J., K. Sorvig and Farnsworth, C. D. 2000. "Sustainable Landscape Construction". Island Pr. Washington, D.C. 348p.
  20. ^ EPA. 1998. Landscaping products containing recovered materials. USEPA Solid Waste and Emergency Response. 8pp.
  21. ^ Bramwell, J. 2006. Power with a conscience. Amer. Nurseryman. 203(3):33-37.
  22. ^ "Lawn Reform Coalition". Archived from the original on March 5, 2010.
  23. ^ "5 Water-Saving Ways to Replace Lawns During California's Drought". 2015-05-21. Archived from the original on May 24, 2015.
  24. ^ "Outgrowing the Traditional Grass Lawn".
  25. ^ "Meadows and Prairies: Wildlife-Friendly Alternatives to Lawn".
  26. ^ "Benefits Of Sustainable Landscaping". elite-horticulture. Retrieved 2019-11-19.
  27. ^ California Integrated Waste Management Board. http://www.ciwmb.ca.gov/Organics/landscaping/
  28. ^ http://www.bearcreeklumber.com/products/intextboth/sustainable.html. Viewed 12-07-09.
  29. ^ Farmstead Windbreaks: Planning. http://www.extension.iastate.edu/Publications/PM1716.pdf. Retrieved 12-12-09.
  30. ^ Ghaly, Abdelkader (July 2021). "Greywater Sources, Characteristics, Utilization and Management Guidelines: a review". Research Article.
  31. ^ a b "Green from the ground up" by D. Johnston and S. Gibson
  32. ^ Pittenger M.S, Dennis (2014). "KEEPING LANDSCAPES GREEN WITH LESS GREEN" (PDF). cite journal: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  33. ^ Cole, Lorna J.; Brocklehurst, Sarah; Robertson, Duncan; Harrison, William; McCracken, David I. (December 2015). "Riparian buffer strips: Their role in the conservation of insect pollinators in intensive grassland systems". Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment. 211: 207–220. Bibcode:2015AgEE..211..207C. doi:10.1016/j.agee.2015.06.012. ISSN 0167-8809.
  34. ^ http://Audubon International. acspgolf.auduboninternational.org/. Viewed 9/23/09.
  35. ^ Green Neighborhoods http://gn.auduboninternational.org/. Viewed 9/23/09
  36. ^ Garden for Wildlife. http://www.nwf.org/gardenforwildlife/certify.cfm?campaignid=WH09KLBR. Viewed 9/23/09.
  37. ^ The Sustainable Sites Initiative. http://www.sustainablesites.org/report/SSI_Guidelines_Draft_2008.pdf. Viewed 9/23/09.

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Business card for eighteenth century landscape architect Humphry Repton, by Thomas Medland
Landscape architects Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux and the team they gathered to execute the Greensward Plan, their 1858 design for Central Park in Manhattan, photographed in 1862 at the park standing on the pathway atop the span of the Willowdell Arch (from the left: Andrew Haswell Green, George Waring, Vaux, Ignaz Anton Pilat, Jacob Wrey Mould, and Olmsted)

A landscape architect is a person who is educated in the field of landscape architecture. The practice of landscape architecture includes: site analysis, site inventory, site planning, land planning, planting design, grading, storm water management, sustainable design, construction specification, and ensuring that all plans meet the current building codes and local and federal ordinances.[1]

The practice of landscape architecture dates to some of the earliest of human cultures and just as much as the practice of medicine has been inimical to the species and ubiquitous worldwide for several millennia. However, this article examines the modern profession and educational discipline of those practicing the design of landscape architecture.

In the 1700s, Humphry Repton described his occupation as "landscape gardener" on business cards he had prepared to represent him in work that now would be described as that of a landscape architect.

The title, "landscape architect", was first used by Frederick Law Olmsted, the designer of New York City's Central Park in Manhattan and numerous projects of large scale both public and private. He was the founder of a firm of landscape architects who employed highly skilled professionals to design and execute aspects of projects designed under his auspices.

Depending on the jurisdiction, landscape architects who pass state requirements to become registered, licensed, or certified may be entitled to use the postnominal letters corresponding to their seal, typically RLA (Registered Landscape Architect) or more recently, PLA (Professional Landscape Architect) n.[2] In the US, all 50 states have adopted licensure.[3] The American Society of Landscape Architects endorses the postnominal letters PLA, for Professional Landscape Architect, even though there is no legal or professional distinction between the use of RLA or PLA.[4]

Australia

[edit]

The Australian Institute of Landscape Architects (AILA) states that "Landscape Architects research, plan, design, and advise on the stewardship, conservation, and sustainability of development of the environment and spaces, both within and beyond the built environment".[5] This definition of the profession of landscape architect is based on the International Standard Classification of Occupations, International Labour Office,[6] Geneva.

Markdale Garden at Binda near Crookwell, New South Wales, Australia, designed by Edna Walling

Some notable Australian landscape architects include Catherin Bull,[7][8] Kevin Taylor,[9] Richard Weller, Peter Spooner,[10] Sydney based writer and designer (Doris) Jocelyn Brown,[11] Grace Fraser,[12] Bruce Mackenzie,[13][14] Mary Jeavons,[15] Janet Conrad,[16] Dr Jim Sinatra,[17] William Guilfoyle, Ina Higgins, Edna Walling, and Ellis Stones.

To become a recognised professional landscape architect in Australia, the first requirement is to obtain a degree in landscape architecture accredited by the Australian Institute of Landscape Architects. After at least two years of recognised professional practice, graduates may submit for further assessment to obtain full professional recognition by AILA.

Canada

[edit]

The Canadian Society of Landscape Architects (CSLA) is the country's professional association of landscape architects.[18] Some notable Canadian landscape architects include Cornelia Oberlander,[19] Claude Cormier,[20] Peter Jacobs, Janet Rosenberg,[21] Marc Ryan, and Michael Hough.[22]

United Kingdom

[edit]

The Landscape Institute is the recognised body relating to the field of Landscape Architecture throughout the United Kingdom. To become a recognised landscape architect in the UK takes approximately seven years. To begin the process, one has to study an accredited course by the Landscape Institute to obtain a bachelor's degree in landscape architecture or a similar field. Following this one must progress onto a postgraduate diploma in the field of landscape architecture covering the subject in far greater detail such as mass urban planning, construction, and planting. Following this, the trainee must complete the Pathway to Chartership,[23] a challenging program set out by the Landscape Institute. Following this, one is awarded a full landscape architect title and membership among the Chartered Members of the Landscape Institute (CMLI).

United States

[edit]
Drawing of plan for an entrance to Central Park in Manhattan by Richard Morris Hunt (American, 1827–1895) c. 1863

The United States is the founding country of the formal profession entitled landscape architecture. Those in this field work both to create an aesthetically pleasing setting and also to protect and preserve the environment in an area. In the U.S., a need to formalize the practice and a name for the profession was resolved in 1899 with the formation of the American Society of Landscape Architects. A few of the many talented and influential landscape architects who have been based in the United States are: Frederick Law Olmsted, Beatrix Farrand, Jens Jensen, Ian McHarg, Thomas Church, Arthur Shurtleff, Ellen Biddle Shipman John Nolen, Lawrence Halprin, Charles Edgar Dickinson, Iris Miller, and Robert Royston.

Royston summed up one American theme:

Landscape architecture practices the fine art of relating the structure of culture to the nature of landscape, to the end that people can use it, enjoy it, and preserve it.

Work scope

[edit]

The following is an outline of the typical scope of service for a landscape architect:[24]

An example of landscape architecture: the Italian Garden, Gardens of the world, Berlin-Marzahn, Germany
The Fountain Terrace at Dumbarton Oaks in Washington, D.C., designed by landscape architect Beatrix Farrand in 1921, was opened to the public in 1939.
  1. Developing new or improved theories, policy, and methods for landscape planning, design, and management at local, regional, national, and multinational levels
  2. Developing policies and plans and implementing and monitoring proposals for conservation and recreation areas such as national parks
  3. Developing new or improved theories and methods to promote environmental awareness and undertaking planning, design, restoration, management, and maintenance of cultural and historic landscapes, parks, sites, and gardens.
  4. Planning, design, management, maintenance, and monitoring functional and aesthetic layouts of built environment in urban, suburban, and rural areas including private and public open spaces, parks, gardens, streetscapes, plazas, housing developments, burial grounds, memorials; tourist, commercial, industrial and educational complexes; sports grounds, zoos, botanic gardens, recreation areas, and farms
  5. Contributing to the planning, aesthetic and functional design, location, management, and maintenance of infrastructure such as roads, dams, wind farms, and other energy and major development projects
  6. Undertaking landscape assessments including environmental and visual impact assessments to prepare policies or inform new developments
  7. Inspecting sites, analyzing factors such as climate, soil, flora, fauna, surface and subsurface water and drainage; and consulting with clients and making recommendations regarding methods of work and sequences of operations for projects related to the landscape and built environment
  8. Identifying and developing appropriate solutions regarding the quality and use of the built environment in urban, suburban, and rural areas and making designs, plans, and working drawings, specifications of work, cost estimates, and time schedules
  9. Monitoring the realisation and inspecting the construction of proposals to ensure compliance with plans, specifications of work, cost estimates, and time schedules
  10. Conducting research, preparing scientific papers, and technical reports, developing policy, teaching, and advising on aspects regarding landscape architecture such as the application of geographic information systems, remote sensing, law, landscape communication, interpretation, and landscape ecology
  11. Project management of large scale landscape planning and design projects including management of other consultants such as engineers, architects, and planners
  12. Acting as an expert witness in development and environment courts

Further reading

[edit]
  • What is Landscape Architecture American Society of Landscape Architects profiles landscape architecture
  • Exploring Landscape Architecture Interviews with Australian landscape architects discussing their work
  • AILA Celebrates 50 Years. History of landscape architecture in Australia
  • Kerb 15. Landscape Urbanism. Launched by Charles Waldheim, April 2007. Content includes articles and interviews from Charles Waldheim, Mohsen Mostafavi, Alejandro Zaera-Polo (FOA), Kathryn Gustafson, Bart Brands, and Richard Weller

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "What Is Landscape Architecture? | asla.org". www.asla.org. Archived from the original on 2021-11-11. Retrieved 2020-07-27.
  2. ^ "Licensed to Design: PLA". The Field. American Society of Landscape Architects (ASLA). 27 August 2012. Archived from the original on 14 September 2021. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
  3. ^ "LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTS ARE LICENSED IN ALL 50 STATES AND THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA", American Society of Landscape Architects. "Become a Landscape Architect". www.asla.org. Archived from the original on 2021-09-14. Retrieved 2021-09-14.
  4. ^ "Professional Licensure: Universal Designation" (PDF). Washington, DC: American Society of Landscape Architects (ASLA). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-09-14. Retrieved 2021-09-14.
  5. ^ "Home". Australian Institute of Landscape Architects (AILA). Archived from the original on 2017-07-26. Retrieved 2009-03-03.[incomplete short citation]
  6. ^ International Labour Force (2012). "International Standard Classification of Occupations" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-03-05. Retrieved 2018-03-05.
  7. ^ "Prof Catherin Bull". Find an Expert. The University of Melbourne. Archived from the original on 2019-12-22. Retrieved 2019-12-22.
  8. ^ "Dr Catherin Bull AM". Archived from the original on 2017-12-15. Retrieved 2017-12-15.
  9. ^ "A tribute to Kevin Taylor". ArchitectureAU. Archived from the original on 2017-09-26. Retrieved 2018-02-10.
  10. ^ "Peter Spooner: Architect shaped attitudes to landscape design". 10 November 2014. Archived from the original on 26 September 2017. Retrieved 26 September 2017 – via The Sydney Morning Herald.
  11. ^ Proudfoot, Helen. "Brown, Doris Jocelyn (1898–1971)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. Archived from the original on 2017-09-26. Retrieved 2017-09-26 – via Australian Dictionary of Biography.
  12. ^ LATREILLE, ANNE (July 30, 2010). "Pioneering Australian landscape architect, Grace Fraser". The Age. Retrieved July 21, 2024.
  13. ^ "Bruce and Stuart Mackenzie". landscapeaustralia.com.
  14. ^ "Design With Landscape by Bruce Mackenzie on iBooks". iBooks. Archived from the original on 2017-11-21. Retrieved 2017-09-26.
  15. ^ Salt, Lucy (20 July 2020). "Dedicated to play: Mary Jeavons". Landscape Australia. Archived from the original on 6 August 2020.
  16. ^ Smith, Lawrie (30 August 2021). "Remembering Janet Conrad, landscape architect". Landscape Australia. Archived from the original on 30 August 2021.
  17. ^ "Jim Sinatra". Australian Institute of Landscape Architects (AILA). Archived from the original on 2022-09-15. Retrieved 2022-09-15.
  18. ^ "About CSLA". CSLA Canadian Society of Landscape Architects/Association des architectes paysagistes du Canada. Retrieved 13 September 2022.
  19. ^ Green, Penelope (June 9, 2021). "Cornelia Oberlander, a Farsighted Landscape Architect, Dies at 99". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 27 June 2021. Retrieved 13 September 2022.
  20. ^ Bozikovic, Alex (January 2, 2022). "Dogs, pink umbrellas and wedding photos: Claude Cormier's artful places for people". The Globe and Mail. Archived from the original on 13 September 2022. Retrieved 13 September 2022.
  21. ^ Bozikovic, Alex (November 21, 2014). "Fort York: Toronto's most historic site gets a 21st-century upgrade". The Globe and Mail. Archived from the original on 21 August 2022. Retrieved 13 September 2022.
  22. ^ Lorinc, John (September 9, 2022). "Clear-cutting Michael Hough's landscaping at Ontario Place". spacing. Archived from the original on 13 September 2022. Retrieved 13 September 2022.
  23. ^ "About PPE". Landscape Institute. Archived from the original on 15 September 2008.
  24. ^ Australian Institute of Landscape Architects: March 2005
[edit]

Media related to Landscape architects at Wikimedia Commons

 

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Reviews for Rock N Block - Turf N Hardscapes - San Diego


Rock N Block - Turf N Hardscapes - San Diego

Corbin Occhino

(5)

TL;DR It was a bumpy road to get to the finish line but when we got there, it was sooooo worth it. Go with Rock-n-Block, you won't regret it. Their initial backyard renovation didn't end up how we hoped it would. The team came back multiple times to do repairs but couldn't get it right. *ENTER Greg Zamora*. He comes over, walks into the backyard, looks around and says "we'll fix it". Dude wasn't joking. Rock-n-Block bought all new blocks, capstones, lights, etc and sent a huge crew to the house. They demoed everything and rebuilt it all. They even let us make a few minor changes to the initial design for free (changed shape of the retaining wall and added more lights under the capstones). Three and a half days later we got the backyard we had dreamed of. Everything is perfect. Shout-out to Gus and Miguel and their crew, they killed it! Guys were here early, worked hard, were meticulous, and cleaned up at the end of each day. Watching how much time they put into the grouting and how exact the stone cuts were, we new it was going to end well this time. Greg checked in multiple times to make sure we were happy with the progress and that we had no questions/concerns. Open communication, excellent quality of work, and ACTUALLY meaning it when they say "we aren't done until you are happy". To be honest, we were really surprised our backyard renovation story ended this way after the initial install. Had someone asked us a month ago if we would recommend Rock-n-Block we would have shook our head but NOW....not only would we recommend them, if we do any other yard renovations, they will be the first people we call.

Rock N Block - Turf N Hardscapes - San Diego

Md dc

(5)

From Omar's initial consultation to Andrew's design expertise, Rock N Block made the entire process easy. The patio looks amazing! I love the turf, rock decorations, and everything else they did. The key was their attention to details, me and my family are very happy with their work!

Rock N Block - Turf N Hardscapes - San Diego

Ying Xu

(5)

I interviewed a number of contractors and decided to use Rock N Block for my backyard project. Andrew was the project manager who came to my house to make an initial estimate, and he followed up with me every step of the way. Although I had to wait 3 weeks for my project to begin, there was no further delay from that point on. The crew showed up punctually at 7am every morning, and did the work exactly as described. The were able to finish the project from concrete demolition to final cleanup within 4 days. I would happily recommend this business to my neighbors.

Rock N Block - Turf N Hardscapes - San Diego

Paco Healy

(5)

really good experience working with Greg and Eric they were both great from start to finish. they both were great communicators and took a lot of pride in their craft. my backyard was an eye sore and now it’s a whole new inviting space. our pup loves it too. thank you and Block team. highly recommended

Rock N Block - Turf N Hardscapes - San Diego

Nikki White

(5)

Greg was super helpful and knowledgeable. The process was super quick and easy and communication about the turf project was great. I’m sooooo happy with how my front yard looks! I find myself just looking at how amazing it looks now!

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